It seems like everyone of repute is down on the billable hour. Some professionals are openly critical of it, while others remain silent while continuing to count them. Perhaps some who persist in billing by the hour feel, as I do, that there are no better billing methods available for the kind of work they do.
Not that everyone should always bill by the hour. Flat fees are appropriate where the nature and extent of the work required to complete a project are known with reasonable certainty. If you expect to work on and complete a high volume of small projects, predictability with respect to the amount of work required on any given project is not even that important. In this case, relatively small amounts of money are at stake, quoting flat fees is the most efficient billing strategy, and the average profit per matter is the true measure of financial success.
Unfortunately, much of our work as professionals cannot be accurately forecasted, which means among other things that many of the matters we work on require considerably more than a few hours of our time. If the projects we attend to are few in number but large in scope, average profit per project cannot be relied upon: what we charge for completing a project must accurately reflect how much bona fide effort went into its completion. How else can we practicably measure this effort except by units of time reported after the fact?
I understand that the billable hour shifts risk disproportionately to customers and that the poor economy has inspired customers to demand predictability. To the extent such customers want flat fees for an inherently unpredictable amount of work, they are asking us to shift the risk of unpredictability back to ourselves.
If the market pressures me to quote flat fees for amounts of work I cannot accurately predict, only occasionally will I have billed the proper amount. Most of the time, the billing arrangement will have favored either me or the customer. Although the arrangement was presumably the result of fair bargaining, the exchange will not seem to be fair in hindsight.
Ideally, the customer and the professional would agree to share equally the risk of the unknown. Flat fees prevent such equality, but must the billable hour? Is there a way to employ hourly billing which places equal burdens on the professional and the customer? If so, the burden on the customer might remain what it has always been, namely, to risk paying the extra costs of completing projects that are inherently ill-defined. The burden on the professional might be to keep the customer truly well-informed about work performed and the constantly changing landscape of the project.
Keeping customers well-informed requires that we professionals have our priorities straight and know how to effectively communicate what we do, what we recommend, and why. This is not easy. I would like to see more written about the interplay between good communication and the successful use of hourly billing.